CBSE CLASS 10 SST//POLITICAL SCIENCE // GENDER CASTE AND RELIGION// Important Question Answer//Target 2024

1,write the name of one social reformer who fought against caste inequlity.

answer: Periyar Ramaswami Naiker

2.what are the factors responsible for misrable and poor condition of women in india?

answer: 1. Sexual division of labour

2. Illiteracy

3. Lack of representation in politics

4. Discrimination in Jobs.

3.what is gender division?

answer:Gender divided society is the one which assigns unequal roles to men and women.

Gender equal society assigns the rights equally to men and women.

4.write the name of two political leader who fought against caste inequlity.

answer: mahatma gandhi and BR Ambedkar

5.what is the basis of communal politics?

answer: Communal politics is based on the belief that:One religion is superior to that of others.Followers of a particular religion constitute one community.People of different religions have different interests that may involve conflict of interest when faced with one another.

6.write the name two country in which women participation in public life is vey high?

answer: noeway. denmark

7.how does communalism affect our lives?

answer: Communal riots/massacre is the most dangerous and ugly manifestation of communalism.

Communalism is the social organization based on communal lines.

Being very loyal to one's beliefs or ideology.

Communalism creates tussle between the different sects of the society because of the differences in beliefs. Communal riot is one such issue.

8. what do you mean by feminism?

answer: Feminist is the person who supports or advocates for women rights.

He or she believes in equality in terms of rights either social or political for both men and women

Charles Fourier coined the term Feminism.

9.what does the means patriachy?

answer:Patriarchy is a system of relationships, beliefs, and values embedded in political, social, and economic systems that structure gender inequality between men and women.

10.what do you mean by caste hierarchy?

answer: Caste hierarchy means a class structure that is determined by the birth. Under this caste hierarchy, some castes are placed at the top and some are at the bottom. In Hinduism, Brahmins are placed at the top and shudras are at the bottom. 

11. What are Feminist Movements? What were their major demands ?

answer: These are the movements which are organised by various women organisations to create equality for women in personal and family life.

 i These feminist movements demand equal rights for women in all spheres of life. 

ii There were agitations in different countries for the extension of voting rights to women. 

iii The agitations demanded enhancing the political and legal status of women. 

iv The movements also demanded in improving the educational and career opportunities for the women.

12. write the factors responsible for low literacy rate in india?

answer: 1. Gender based inequality.

2. Social discrimination and economic exploitation.

3. Occupation of girl child in domestic chores.

4. Low enrolment of girls in schools.

5. Low retention rate and high dropout rate.

13. why was equal renumaretion act passed? 

answer:Equal wages Act was passed to avoid discrimination in remuneration to men and women workers and prevent discrimination on the grounds of sex, against women, etc

14.“Our society is still a male-dominated society." Explain the statement with the help of examples.

answer: Male domination society: (i) Literacy rate among women is low. (ii) Proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very low. (iii) Skewed sex ratio.

Women in India still face discrimination in various ways: Literacy rate: In India, according to the 2011 census, women literacy rate is only 65.46 per cent in comparison to men with 82.14 per cent literacy rate. In rural areas and some urban areas, parents do not send girls to schools because they prefer spending on boys. education and not on their daughters.

(ii) Unpaid work: It is noted that women are paid less when compared to men for the same amount of work, or even if women work extra hours a day. Thus, women.s work is not valued and they are not paid reasonably. Sex ratio: In many parts of India, abortion of girl children takes place leading to a decline in the child sex ratio. It is observed that there are only 940 girls for 1000 boys.

(iv) Domestic violence: Women are harassed and exploited in both rural as well as in urban areas. They are not safe even in their own houses from domestic violence.

15. what was gandhiji's view regarding religion and politics?

answer: Gandhiji used to say that religion can never be separated from politics. He said that he didn't mean religion as any particular religion like Hinduism or Islam but moral values that inform all religion is actually a real religion. He believed that politics must be guided by ethics drawn from religion.

16.what was family laws?

answer: Family laws wasThose laws that deal with family-related matters such as marriage, divorce, adoption, inheritance, etc. In our country, different family laws apply to followers of different religions.

17.how can communalism pose a great threat to indian democracy

answer: During communal riots, people put community interest ahead of the country. These riots affect the unity of the nation. Due to communalism, the internal peace of the country is threatened. Communal forces often indulge in promoting their religion and denouncing other religions. They tend to increase the feelings of communalism among their co-religionists. Communalism is a hindrance to the progress of society, state, and nation.

18.give three ill effects of communalism in the society

answer: 1) A communal thought always tends to establish political dominance offer particular religious community.

 (2) The country weakens when political parties are formed and political activities are conducted on the communal lines.

 (3) One of the most ugly face of communalism emerges out in the form of riots, violence and homicides. 

19.Describe the various methods to check the spread of communalism in India.

answer: The major factor that promotes communalism is the political association of religions, extremism etc.  Following methods should be adopted to check the spread of communalism

1) Political Parties that are based on religion should be banned.

2) Communal organizations must be shut down

3) Religious Places must be overlooked to prevent them from spreading hatred and communalism

4) Interreligious marriages must be encouraged.

5) People should be taught to respect one another's religion and faith by means of mass media, press, and social media.

6) Individual efforts at ground level are required to promote peace and harmony.

20.what do you mean by secular state

answer: A secular state is one that does not consider anyone's religion as an official religion. A secular state also treats all its citizens equally, regardless of religion.

21.what do you mean by sexual division of labour?

answer:The sexual division of labor is a system in which all the work inside the home is done by the women of the family. Or, it is done by domestic helpers who are supervised by the women of the house. The man of the house goes out and earns for the family.

22.define occupation mobility.

answer:Shift from one occupation to another, usually when a new generation takes up occupations other than those practiced by their ancestors.

23.Explain the idea behind communal politics.

answer: Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community. Communalism involves thinking along the following lines. The followers of a particular religion must belong to one community. Their fundamental interests are the same. Any difference that they may have is irrelevant or trivial for community life. It also follows that people who follow different religions cannot belong to the same social community. In its extreme form communalism leads to the belief that people belonging to different religions cannot live as equal citizens within one nation. Either, one of them has to dominate the rest or they have to form different nations. 

24.Mentioned any three features of Secularism described in Indian Constitution.

answer:The three features of .secularism. described in the Indian Constitution are as follows,

(i) The Constitution of India does not give special recognition to any religion and there is no state religion in India, unlike, Christianity in America, Buddhism in Sri Lanka, etc.

(ii) All individuals and communities have been given freedom to practice, profess and propagate any religion.

(iii) The Constitution of India puts ban on the discrimination on grounds of religion.

25.describe any three factors that are responsible for breaking down the caste system in india

answer: Factors for breaking down of Caste System:

• Social and economic development.
• 
  
• Urbanization.
• 
  
• Occupational mobility.
• 
  
• Growth of literacy and education.
• 
  
• The Constitution of India prohibited any caste-based discrimination.
• 
  
• Constitutional prohibition of untouchability.

26.how can caste take several forms in politics explain with examples

answer: (i) While choosing candidates for election, political parties consider the caste composition of the voters to win support.

(ii) When the government is formed, political parties take care that representative from different castes find place in the government.

(iii) Political parties make appeal to the caste sentiments to win votes.

(iv) Some political parties are known to favour some particular caste.

(v) Universal adult franchise and the principle of one-person one-vote have compelled the political leaders to bring caste sentiments into politics to muster support.

27.How far is it correct to say that it is not politics that gets caste ridden but it is the caste that gets politicised ?Explain.

answer:It is correct to say that it is not politics that gets caste ridden but it is caste that gets politicised.Politics also influences the caste system and at the same time caste identifies by bringing them into the polities.We can explain it as follows:

(i)Every caste group tries to become bigger by incorporating with other similar castes or sub castes .

(ii)Negotiation are done by the coalition of different caste groups to make impact on the politics.

(iii)Caste groups like backward and forward came together to get benefit in the politics.

(iv)Caste groups demands the power sharing in p olitics and become in a position of decision making.

(v)Political parties are using the castes and their separatism to gain power ,they are not even trying to ends this evil practice of caste discrimination.

28."Women still lag much behind men in India despite some improvements since independence." Analyse the statement.

answer:Women still lag much behind men in India despite some improvements since independence: A lot has been done to bring women at par with men but still women face disadvantages, discriminations and oppression in various ways:

(i) The literacy rate among women still less than men.

(ii) Lesser number of girl students go for higher studies.

(iii) Unequal wages in some areas of employment.

(iv) Less representation of women in elected bodies.

In our country, women still lag much behind men despite some improvements since Independence. Women face disadvantage, discrimination and oppression in various ways: The literacy rate among women is only 54 per cent as compared to 76 per cent among men.

(ii) Similarly, a smaller proportion of girl students go for higher studies. Girls are performing as well as boys in school. But they drop out because parents prefer to spend their resources on their boys. education rather than spending equally on their sons and daughters.

(iii) The proportion of women among the highly paid and valued jobs is still very small. On an average, an Indian woman works one hour more than an average man every day.

(iv) The Equal Wages Act provides that equal wages should be paid for equal work. However, in almost all areas of work, from sports and cinema to factories and fields, women are paid less than men, even when both do exactly the same work. In many parts of India, parents prefer to have sons and find ways to have the girl child aborted before she is born. Such sex-selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio.

(vi) Women face harassment, exploitation and violence on the domestic front.

29.how is gender division understood in indian society

answer:i) In Indian society, gender division tends to be understood as natural and unchangeable. It is based on social expectations and stereotypes.

(ii) This attitude leads to sexual division of labour i.e., boys and girls are brought up to believe that the main responsibility of women is house work and bringing up children whereas all the outside works are to be done by men.

(iii) The result of this division of labour is t hat though the women constitute almost half the population, their role in public life in minimal.

(iv) Political expression and political mobilisation on this question helped to improve women’s role in public life. We now find women working as scientists, doctors, engineers, teachers, etc.

Now with lot of efforts 33% seats are reserved for women in local government bodies.

30.Suppose a politician seeks your vote on the religious ground. Why is his act considered against the norms of democracy? Explain.

answer: His act is against the spirit of democracy as the said politician is not working as per the Constitution. (i) It also exploits the social difference. (ii) It may create social discard and may lead to social division. (iii) It is also biased attitude and neglects the principle of equality.